Exploring the Role of Organizational Culture in Shaping Safety Behaviors among Informal Construction Workers

Hanifah Handayani; Esa Susanthy Meirianna

doi:10.55927/fjst.v4i9.241

Authors

Hanifah Handayani Institut Teknologi Petroleum Balongan
Esa Susanthy Meirianna Universitas Trisakti

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55927/fjst.v4i9.241

Keywords:

Organizational Culture, Safety Behavior, Informal Construction Worker, Occupational Health

Abstract

This study examines the role of organizational culture in shaping safety behavior among informal construction workers. Using a quantitative cross-sectional survey of 150 respondents, organizational culture was measured through involvement, consistency, adaptability, and mission, while safety behavior was assessed through compliance and participation. Multiple linear regression analysis shows that organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on safety behavior, with consistency and involvement contributing most to compliance with protective equipment use and participation in safe practices. The findings highlight the importance of strengthening organizational culture to reduce accident risks. The study provides theoretical insights into the link between culture and safety behavior in informal work settings and practical recommendations for culture-based interventions to improve occupational health and safety.

References

Ahmad, S., Shafiq, N., & Noor, R. M. (2021). Safety challenges in the construction industry: A global review. Journal of Safety Research, 77, 276–288.

Bazeley, P. (2022). Qualitative data analysis: Practical strategies (2nd ed.). Sage.

Berglund, M., Lindahl, G., & Stehn, L. (2023). Organizational challenges for safety in complex construction projects. Construction Management and Economics, 41(2), 87–101.

Chan, D. W., Lee, A., & Wong, F. K. (2023). Safety behavior in construction projects: A multidimensional perspective. Safety Science, 162, 106046.

Cong, C., Wang, J., & Chen, Q. (2022). Developing communication instruments for improving construction safety culture. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 148(4), 04022021.

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2023). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (6th ed.). Sage.

Denison, D. R., Nieminen, L., & Kotrba, L. (2021). Diagnosing organizational cultures: Validating a model and method. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 29(1), 30–50.

Fayyaz, A., Ali, S. H., & Ahmad, R. (2025). Health and safety issues in informal construction work in developing countries. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2025.1154672

Field, A. (2021). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (5th ed.). Sage.

Ghasemi, F., Mohammadfam, I., Soltanian, A., Mahmoudi, S., & Zarei, E. (2021). Safety climate and behavior in the construction industry: The mediating role of organizational learning. Journal of Safety Research, 78, 274–283.

Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2022). Multivariate data analysis (9th ed.). Cengage Learning.

Konadu, A. (2024). Occupational safety in construction: A comparative global analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 21(1), 112.

Kvalheim, S. A., & Dahl, Ø. (2022). Safety culture and safety climate in the workplace: Review and meta-analysis. Safety Science, 152, 105771.

Liu, J., Zhang, Z., & Chen, H. (2023). Community-based safety interventions in resource-limited construction settings. Journal of Safety Research, 86, 102–112.

Lopez, R., Martinez, P., & Diaz, C. (2023). Informal construction workers: Risks and safety culture gaps. International Journal of Construction Management, 23(5), 327–338.

Mutlu, E., Aydin, D., & Kara, O. (2024). Collaborative strategies for improving safety culture in informal construction. Safety Science, 165, 106238.

Naji, G. M. A., Ali, H. A., & Al-Mekhlafi, A. B. (2021). The impact of organizational culture on safety behavior in construction projects. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 27(3), 763–774.

Ortega, L., Brown, M., & Patel, S. (2025). Identifying cultural factors shaping construction safety culture: A Delphi study. Construction Management and Economics. Advance online publication.

Park, J., & Kim, Y. (2023). Exploring safety risk factors through qualitative inquiry in construction. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 149(7), 04023062.

Rahman, M. A., Chowdhury, R., & Hasan, S. (2024). Informal communication and safety practices among construction workers. Safety Science, 170, 106526.

Rahi, S. (2021). Research design and methods: A systematic review of qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method approaches. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(5), 1110–1120.

Sanni, A., & Arasli, H. (2023). Linking organizational culture dimensions and safety outcomes in construction. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness, 10(4), 589–605.

Taber, K. S. (2021). The use of Cronbach’s alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Research in Science Education, 51(1), 1–24.

Tadesse Bogale, H., & Debela, A. (2024). Organizational culture and safety behavior in developing countries: Evidence from construction. Safety Science, 171, 106560.

Wang, X., Sun, Q., & Li, J. (2022). Applying Denison’s organizational culture model to construction safety: Evidence from China. Safety Science, 148, 105658.

Zhou, Q., Fang, D., & Mohamed, S. (2021). Safety climate and organizational culture: Their relationship and impact on construction safety. Safety Science, 135, 105112.

Zou, P. X. W., & Sunindijo, R. Y. (2020). Skills for managing safety risk, implementing safety management and improving safety performance of construction projects. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 131, 105231.