Effectiveness of Coconut Shell Biochar Soaking Duration and Phonska Plus Dosage (15 15 15) in Increasing Soil Fertility, Growth, and Yield of Shallots
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55927/fjst.v4i8.187Keywords:
Compost Tea, Biochar, Phonska Plus, Soil Fertility, ShallotAbstract
This study investigated the effect of compost tea soaking duration in biochar and Phonska Plus fertilizer dosage on soil fertility and shallot growth. A greenhouse experiment using a factorial Completely Randomized Design was conducted with four soaking durations (0, 12, 24, and 36 hours) and four fertilizer doses (100, 200, 300, and 400 kg/ha). Results showed that soaking duration significantly improved plant growth, yield components, soil pH, organic carbon, available N, P, K, and fungal colonies. Fertilizer dosage also significantly affected growth, yield, and soil fertility. While no interaction effects were observed on yield and fungal colonies, interactions occurred for growth and some soil parameters.
References
Abubaker, S., Qrunfleh, I., Shatnawi, M., Ammasri, T. G., Hasan, H., & Al Tawaha, A. R. M. (2024). The Effect of Compost Tea on Some Growth and Yield Parameters and Soil Chemical Properties of Greenhouse Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Ecological Engineering and Environmental Technology, 25(6), 362–370.
Adrien Moango Manga, Jeannette Kolongo Etiabilea, Marie Claire Yandju Dembo, Mavinga Blaise Mbala, Léon Kasaka Dingbo, Achille Monzongo Linzembe, & Hubert Katapulu Kunda. (2023). Characterization of biochar enriched with compost tea, its effects and after-effects in continuous cultivation of maize (Zea mays L.) on a ferralsol of Lubuya Bera, Tshopo Province, R.D.Congo. International Journal of Scientific Research Updates, 5(1), 079–092.
Ahmad, M., Lee, S. S., Dou, X., Mohan, D., Sung, J. K., Yang, J. E., & Ok, Y. S. (2018). Effects of biochar on phosphorus availability in agricultural soils: A meta-analysis. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 265, 28–40.
Antonius, S., Sahputra, R. D., Nuraini, Y., & Dewi, T. K. (2018). Manfaat pupuk organik hayati, kompos dan biochar pada pertumbuhan bawang merah dan pengaruhnya terhadap biokimia tanah. Jurnal Biologi Indonesia, 14(2), 243–250.
Arum Jati, W., & Fardhani, D. M. (2025). Pengaruh biochar sekam padi pada keasaman tanah dalam pengelolaan lahan di Desa Bentuk Jaya. Prosiding Seminar Nasional LPPM UNISA Yogyakarta.
Ayu, I. W., Siswanto, H. T., Kusumawardani, W., & Prihantari, E. Y. (2023). Strengthening the Capacity of Upland Farmers through Socialization and Training on Shallot Farming in Sumbawa Regency. Mattawang: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 4(2), 183–189.
Baronti, S., Alberti, G., Vedove, G. D., Genevini, P., Zilio, M., & Miglietta, F. (2014). The biochar option to improve plant yields: Effects of biochar on tomato growth and soil fertility. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 34(3), 807–816.
Beja, H. D. (2020). Pengaruh Berbagai Jarak Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L.) Varietas Bima Brebes. Mediagro, 16–25.
Berek, A. K. (2017). Teh Kompos dan Pemanfaatannya sebagai Sumber Hara dan Agen Ketahanan Tanaman. Savana Cendana, 2(4).
Bola, F. R., & Bay, S. D. (2018). Identifikasi jumlah nitrogen dalam biochar terhadap hasil substitusi amonium nitrat dan waktu perendaman. Jurnal Sentikuin, Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi.
BPS. 2024. Statistik produksi bawang merah nasional 2020–2024. Badan Pusat Statistik Republik Indonesia.
Brown, T. N., Smith, J. R., Lee, K. W., & Nguyen, H. T. (2020). Biochar and soil microbial communities: A review. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 148, 107870.
Evizal, R., & Prasmatiwi, F. E. (2021). Biochar: Pemanfaatan dan aplikasi praktis. Universitas Lampung.
Evizal, R., & Prasmatiwi, F. E. (2021). Biochar: Pemanfaatan dan aplikasi praktis. Universitas Lampung.
Evizal, R., & Prasmatiwi, F. E. (2021). Biochar: Pemanfaatan dan aplikasi praktis. Universitas Lampung.
Fageria, N. K., Baligar, V. C., & Jones, C. A. (2014). Growth and mineral nutrition of field crops (3rd ed.). CRC Press.
Farisi, S., Irawan, B., Suratman, & Busman, H. (2024). Penggunaan Aerated Compost Tea Dari Bahan Kompos Seresah. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 3(7), 575–579.
Firmansyah, M. A., Musaddad, D., Liana, T., Mokhtar, M. S., & Yufdy, M. P. (2014). Uji Adaptasi Bawang Merah di Lahan Gambut Pada Saat Musim Hujan di Kalimantan Tengah. Jurnal Hortikultura, 24(2), 114.
Fretis, M. Y. M., Raharjo, K. T. P., & Neonbeni, E. Y. (2019). Pengaruh Komposisi Biochar Dalam Kompos Sebagai Bahan Pupuk Dasar dan Sebagai Bahan Dasar Aplikasi Teh Kompos Terhadap Pertumbuhan an Hasil Bawang Putih (Allium sativum L) Siung Tunggal. Jurnal Pertanian Konservasi Lahan Kering, 4(2).
Gao, S., Hendratna, A., & Pflaum, T. (2024). Assessment of biochar adsorption capacity for ammonium and nitrate and implications on soil nitrogen management. Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technology, 11(2), 17–27.
Glaser, B., Wiedner, K., Seelig, S., Schmidt, H. P., & Gerber, H. (2015). Biochar organic fertilizers from natural resources as substitute for mineral fertilizers. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 35(2), 667–678.
Gumelara, A. I., & Seob, M. (2021). Takaran biochar dan level teh kompos terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kacang tanah. Jurnal Pertanian Konservasi Lahan Kering, 6(2), 29–32.
Hasibuan, I. (2017). Konservasi Lahan Marjinal Dengan Aplikasi Biochar Plus (Conservation of Marginal Land by Applying Biochar Plus). Jurnal Agroqua, 15(2), 43–50.
Hussain, M., Farooq, M., Nawaz, A., Al-Sadi, A. M., Solaiman, Z. M., Alghamdi, S. S., Ammara, U., Ok, Y. S., & Siddique, K. H. M. (2017). Biochar for Crop Production: Potential Benefits and Risks. Dalam Journal of Soils and Sediments (Vol. 17, Nomor 3).
Hutapea, S., & Apriliya, I. (2020). Nitrogen tanah dan tanaman. Kesuburan Tanah & Pemupukan, Universitas Medan Area.
Iswandi, M.K., Arifin,Z., & Siswadi, B. (2023). Analisis Efisiensi Pemasaran Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L. Var. Aggregatum) Di Desa Wanasaba Kecamatan Wanasaba Kabupaten Lombok Timur. SEAGRI, 11(8)
Jeffery, S., Verheijen, F. G. A., van der Velde, M., & Bastos, A. C. (2015). A quantitative review of the effects of biochar application to soils on crop productivity using meta-analysis. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 144(1), 175–187.
Jien, S. H., & Wang, C. S. (2013). Effects of biochar on soil properties and erosion potential in a highly weathered soil. Catena, 110, 225–233.
Kim, M., Shim, C., Kim, Y., Hong, S., Park, J., Han, E., Kim, J., & Kim, S. (2015). Effect of Aerated Compost Tea On the Growth Promotion of Lettuce, Soybean and Sweet Corn in Organic Cultivation. Plant Pathol, 31, 259–268.
Kusumastuti, A., Indrawati, W., & Supriyanto. (2022). Keanekaragaman mesofauna tanah dan aktivitas mikroorganisme pada vegetasi nilam dengan dosis biochar dan pupuk NPK. Agriprima: Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences, 6(2), 145–162.
Lehmann, J., & Joseph, S. (2015). Biochar for environmental management: Science, technology and implementation (2nd ed.). Routledge.
Lehmann, J., & Kleber, M. (2015). The contentious nature of soil organic matter. Nature, 528(7580), 60–68.
Lehmann, J., Bossio, D. A., Kögel-Knabner, I., & Rillig, M. C. (2021). The concept and future prospects of soil health. Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, 2(10), 823–835.
Lesmana, A. (2023). Biochar: Kunci menyuburkan tanah dan meningkatkan kolaborasi akar-tanah. Asosiasi Biochar Indonesia.
Lesmana, A. (2023). Biochar: Kunci menyuburkan tanah dan meningkatkan kolaborasi akar-tanah. Asosiasi Biochar Indonesia.
Liang, C., Zhang, Y., Chen, M., Wang, J., Liu, X., & Li, Y. (2023). Excessive fertilizer use reduces soil microbial diversity and suppresses functional fungi. Applied Soil Ecology, 190, 105012.
Liu, X., Zhang, A., Ji, C., Joseph, S., Bian, R., Li, L., Pan, G., & Paz-Ferreiro, J. (2013). Biochar’s Effect On Crop Productivity and The Dependence On Experimental Conditions—A Meta-Analysis of Literature Data. Plant and Soil, 373(1), 583–594.
Luta, D., Rahmawati, E., & Yusran, Y. 2023. Dampak penggunaan pupuk anorganik jangka panjang terhadap produktivitas lahan bawang merah. Jurnal Sains Pertanian, 9(2), 50–58.
Madjen, Y. J. (2018). Aplikasi Jenis Teh Kompos dan Takaran Biochar terhadap Pertumbuhan Serta Produksi Biomassa Rumput Gajah (Pennisetum purpureum). JAS, 3(2), 29–31.
Madjen, Y. J. (2018). Aplikasi Jenis Teh Kompos dan Takaran Biochar terhadap Pertumbuhan Serta Produksi Biomassa Rumput Gajah (Pennisetum purpureum). JAS, 3(2), 29–31.
Mengel, K., & Kirkby, E. A. (2012). Principles of plant nutrition (6th ed.). Springer.
Mukherjee, A., & Lal, R. (2014). Biochar impacts on soil physical properties and greenhouse gas emissions. Agronomy, 4(3), 276–312.
Nabila, N. (2025). Perbaikan Sifat Kimia Histosol dengan Penambahan Amelioran Abu Vulkanik dan Biochar Kulit Kopi. Journal Arunasita, 2(1), 45-62.
Nannipieri, P., et al. (2003). Microbial diversity and soil functions. European Journal of Soil Science, 54(4), 655–670.
Nurida, N. L., Dariah, A., & Rachman, A. (2013). Peningkatan kualitas tanah dengan pembenah tanah biochar limbah pertanian. Balai Penelitian Tanah.
Palupi, T., & Alfandi, A. (2019). Pengaruh jarak tanam dan pemotongan umbi bibit bibit terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah (Allium ascalonicumL.) varietas Bima Brebes. Agroswagati Jurnal Agronomi 6(1).
Pant, A., Radovich, T., Hue, N., & Paull, R. (2012). Biochemical Properties of Compost Tea Associated with Compost Quality and Effects on Pak Choi growth. Sci. Hortic, 148, 138–146.
Purbalisa, W., Zulaehah, I., Paputri, D. M. W., & Wahyuni, S. (2020). Dinamika karbon dan mikroba dalam tanah pada perlakuan biochar kompos plus. Jurnal Presipitasi, 17(2), 138–143.
Purbalisa, W., Zulaehah, I., Paputri, D. M. W., & Wahyuni, S. (2020). Dinamika karbon dan mikroba dalam tanah pada perlakuan biochar kompos plus. Jurnal Presipitasi, 17(2), 138–143.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Mita Sapitri, Mulyati Mulyati, IGM Kusnarta

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.






























