Evaluation of Smart City Policy Implementation in Realizing Digital-Based Public Services
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55927/fjst.v4i9.234Keywords:
Evaluation, Policy Implementation, Smart City, Public Services, DigitalAbstract
This study evaluates the implementation of Smart City policies in Riau Province, Indonesia, focusing on digital-based public services through the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model. Using a qualitative approach with fifteen informants, data were gathered via interviews, observations, and document reviews, and analyzed thematically. The findings indicate that while the policy aligns with modernization needs and has improved accessibility and satisfaction, challenges remain in human resources, infrastructure, and cross-sector coordination. The study concludes that Smart City policies contribute positively to service innovation, but strengthening institutional capacity, technology, and digital literacy is essential.
References
Al Nuaimi, E., Al Neyadi, H., Mohamed, N., & Al-Jaroodi, J. (2021). Applications of big data to smart cities. Journal of Internet Services and Applications, 12(1), 1–12.
Bafail, A. O. (2025). Evaluating smart city efficiency using data envelopment analysis. Sustainable Cities and Society, 104, 104337.
Barczik, A., Meyer, S., & Scholl, H. J. (2023). Coordinating smart city initiatives: Challenges and governance strategies. Government Information Quarterly, 40(3), 101810.
Cardullo, P., & Kitchin, R. (2021). Being a ‘citizen’ in the smart city: Up and down the scaffold of smart citizen participation. GeoJournal, 86(5), 1123–1134.
Collins, B., Fernandes, T., & Dyer, H. (2022). Citizen participation in smart city governance: A systematic review. Cities, 125, 103651.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2023). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (6th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Crutzen, R., Peters, G. J. Y., & Noort, E. (2023). Digital inequality and public service delivery: A challenge for smart governance. Information Polity, 28(1), 25–38.
Esashika, T., Nakamura, H., & Okada, A. (2022). Accountability and citizen participation in smart city governance. Technology in Society, 71, 102093.
Esposito, P., Ricci, P., & Sancino, A. (2024). Smart cities as symbolic projects: Governance and legitimacy in the digital era. Public Management Review, 26(2), 179–198.
E-Mongolia. (2025). Digital government transformation in Mongolia: Annual report. Ulaanbaatar: Government of Mongolia.
Fadillah, I., & Mursyidah, H. (2024). Digital divide and e-government adoption in Indonesia. Journal of Public Administration Research, 36(2), 145–160.
Gil-Garcia, J. R., Zhang, J., & Puron-Cid, G. (2020). Conceptualizing smart governance: Definitions, challenges, and opportunities. Information Polity, 25(1), 5–20.
Gracias, D., Santos, L., & Oliveira, T. (2023). Evaluation frameworks for smart city performance: A systematic review. Sustainable Cities and Society, 91, 104002.
Hansen, T. (2025). Artificial intelligence for urban problem-solving: The case of Traffy Fondue in Thailand. Urban Studies, 62(4), 789–807.
Haque, M. M., Islam, M. S., & Kabir, M. H. (2022). Digital divide in developing countries: Determinants and implications for smart governance. Information Development, 38(3), 471–484.
Huda, N., Sari, Y., & Pratama, R. (2024). Human resource readiness in smart city implementation: Evidence from Indonesia. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 37(1), 22–38.
Ismagilova, E., Hughes, L., Dwivedi, Y. K., & Raman, K. R. (2023). Smart cities: A systematic review of the literature. Information Systems Frontiers, 25(1), 273–294.
Jackson, K., & Bazeley, P. (2019). Qualitative data analysis with NVivo (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Jennifer Clark. (2020). Uneven innovation: The work of smart cities. Columbia University Press.
Kabuya, C., Mensah, J., & Boateng, R. (2024). Smart cities and smart villages: Towards integrative frameworks for developing countries. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 198, 122934.
Lacson, J. M., Villanueva, R. A., & Delos Reyes, R. (2023). Smart city evaluation in developing countries: Issues and frameworks. Government Information Quarterly, 40(2), 101750.
Lim, H., Kim, J., & Lee, S. (2024). User experience and service quality in smart city applications: Lessons from East Asia. Telematics and Informatics, 87, 102011.
Lisdawati, R., Wibowo, T., & Anggraini, F. (2024). Communication challenges in smart city implementation: A case study of Samarinda. Journal of Public Policy Studies, 45(1), 77–92.
Loso, A., & Santosa, B. (2022). Challenges of smart city development in regional Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Public Administration, 8(2), 101–117.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2018). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Mora, L., Deakin, M., & Reid, A. (2021). Untangling smart cities: From utopian dreams to innovation systems for a technology-enabled urban sustainability. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 166, 120559.
Myeong, S., Lee, E., & Shin, S. (2022). Digital governance in smart cities: Policy implications and citizen engagement. Sustainability, 14(9), 5471.
Noble, H., & Heale, R. (2019). Triangulation in research, with examples. Evidence-Based Nursing, 22(3), 67–68.
Pereira, G. V., & Parycek, P. (2020). Smart governance and system integration: Lessons for smart cities. Information Polity, 25(3), 297–310.
Pereira, G. V., Macadar, M. A., & Pinho, J. A. G. (2021). Developing smart cities: Institutional capacity and governance challenges. Cities, 116, 103274.
Ruhlandt, R. W. S. (2020). The governance of smart cities: A systematic literature review. Cities, 92, 95–107.
Saunders, B., Sim, J., Kingstone, T., Baker, S., Waterfield, J., Bartlam, B., Burroughs, H., & Jinks, C. (2021). Saturation in qualitative research: Exploring its conceptualization and operationalization. Quality & Quantity, 55(3), 1289–1304.
Sulistyaningsih, T., Adi, S., & Rahayu, D. (2023). National smart city policy in Indonesia: Implementation and challenges. Journal of Asian Public Policy, 16(1), 22–39.
Tan, S. Y., & Taeihagh, A. (2020). Smart cities in developing countries: Drivers, barriers, and outcomes. Cities, 103, 102761.
Zawacki-Richter, O., Kerres, M., Bedenlier, S., Bond, M., & Buntins, K. (2020). Systematic review in educational research: Methodology, perspectives and application. Springer VS.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Dila Erlianti, Said Mustafa, Dwi Hartutik

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.






























