Identification of Water Pollution Sources and Their Impact on the Sagea River Waters in the Central Halmahera Mining Area

Yumima Sinyo; Tamrin Robo; Putri Mawar Sharon

doi:10.55927/fjst.v4i12.315

Authors

Yumima Sinyo Universitas Khairun Ternate
Tamrin Robo Universitas Khairun Ternate
Putri Mawar Sharon Universitas Khairun Ternate

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55927/fjst.v4i12.315

Keywords:

Source of Pollution, Impact, Sungai Sagea, Central Halmahera

Abstract

The Sagea River in North Weda District, Central Halmahera Regency, has an important role as a source of clean water, fisheries, irrigation, and support for people's lives. However, traditional gold mining activities (gold trays) have the potential to cause pollution that has an impact on water quality and human health. This study aims to identify the source of pollution in the Sagea River due to the activities of local miners. The method used is a quantitative-qualitative research with a field survey based on a model receptor. Sampling refers to SNI 6989.59:2008, was carried out in two seasons at three points (upstream, middle, downstream), and analyzed descriptively and using ANOVA. The results of the PCA analysis show two main components of pollutants, namely the domestic waste of miners as the dominant source of biological pollution and tailings mixtures and human activities. This study concludes that the Sagea River experiences significant biological pollution, especially in areas of gold tray and downstream activity, and confirms the effectiveness of PCA and CMB in identifying sources of pollutants.

References

Adriyani, R., Prartono, T., & Sulistiono. (2017). Distribusi logam berat (Hg, Pb, Cd) pada air dan sedimen di perairan pesisir. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 9(1), 267–280.

Alloway, B. J. (2013). Heavy Metals in Soils: Trace Metals and Metalloids in Soils and their Bioavailability (3rd ed.). Springer.

Arnia dan Warganegara. 2012. Identifikasi Kontaminasi Bakteri coliform pada Daging sapi Segar yang Dijual di Pasar Sekitar Kota Bandar Lampung. Majority 26 (4) 101-108. ISSN 2337-3776.

Barus, T.A. (2004). Ekologi Perairan. Medan: USU Press.

Bazrafshan, E., F. Kord Mustafapour, M. Farzadkia, K.A. Ownagh, A.H. Mahvi. 2012. Slaughter house Wastewater Treatment by Combined Chemical Coagulation and Electrocoagulation Process. Plos ONE 7 (6): e40108. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040108.

Brahmantyo, B., & Bandono, B. (2018). Karst dan potensi ekowisata di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.

Darmayasa, I.G.B. 2008. Isolasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Pendegradasi Lipid (lemak) pada Beberapa Tempat Pembuangan Limbah dan Estuari DAM Denpasar. Jurnal Bumi Lestari, Vol. 8 No. 2, Agustus 2008. Hal 122-127.

DLH Halmahera Tengah. (2023). Laporan hasil uji kualitas air Sungai Sagea. Weda: Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kabupaten Halmahera Tengah.

Effendi, H. 2003. Telaah kualitas air bagi pengelola sumber daya dan lingkungan perairan. Yogyakarta. Kanisius.

Hilson, G. (2002). Small-scale mining and its socio-economic impact in developing countries. Natural Resources Forum, 26(1), 3–13.

Hidayah, Z., & Sari, N. (2019). Analisis kualitas air sungai akibat aktivitas pertambangan. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 17(2), 120–132.

Kementerian Pertanian. 2010. Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Republik Indonesia No. 13/permentan/OT.140/I/2010 Tentang Persyaratan Rumah Potong Hewan Ruminansia dan Unit Penanganan daging (meat cutting plant).

Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup. 2014. Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 5 Tahun 2014 Tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah.

Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK). (2021). Status Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia 2021. Jakarta: KLHK.

Kobya, M., E. Sentruk, C. Aydiner and E. Demirbas. 2006. Treatment of potato chips manufacturing waste water by electroagulation. Desalination, 190: 201-211.

Kundu, P., A. Dabsarkar, S. Mukherjee. 2013. Treatment of Slaughter House Wastewater in a sequencing Batch Reactor, Performance evaluation and Biodegradation Kinetics. Hindawi Publishing Corporation, BioMed Research International Article ID134872, II pages.

Lestari, P., & Trihadiningrum, Y. (2019). Impacts of land use on river water quality in Indonesia. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26, 1–12.

Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 22 Tahun 2021 tentang Penyelenggaraan Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup.

Spiegel, S. J. (2012). Governance institutions, resource rights regimes, and the informal mining sector: Regulatory complexities in Indonesia. World Development, 40(1), 189–205.

Sitorus, S., Puspita, A., & Hidayat, T. (2020). Dampak aktivitas penambangan emas skala kecil terhadap kualitas air sungai di Indonesia. Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan, 10(3), 455–468.

Suhendar, E., & Syafri, I. (2020). Dampak aktivitas penambangan terhadap kualitas air sungai: studi kasus di Indonesia. Jurnal Geografi Lingkungan Tropik, 4(1), 45–56.

WHO. (2017). Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality (4th ed.). Geneva: World Health Organization.

Widiyanto, T., Suryono, S., & Rahmawati, R. (2020). Analisis kualitas air sungai akibat aktivitas antropogenik di daerah aliran sungai. Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan, 10(2), 259–270.

Widiyanto, A., & Hartono, D. (2019). Pencemaran air akibat aktivitas domestik dan transportasi di wilayah pesisir. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 17(2), 102–113.

Yuliastuti, E., Sunarto, & Prasetyawan, I. B. (2021). Analisis dampak aktivitas pertambangan terhadap kualitas air sungai. Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan, 22(1), 45–56.