Formosa Journal of Science and Technology
Formosa Journal of Science and Technology (FJST) is an open-access scientific journal that publishes full-length research papers and review articles covering subjects that fall under the wide spectrum of science and technology. FJST journal is dedicated to the dissemination of knowledge related to the advancement in science and technology. The prestigious interdisciplinary editorial board reflects the diversity of subjects covered in this journal. Under the realm of science and technology, the coverage includes environmental science, pure and applied mathematics, agricultural research and engineering, biology, biotechnology, bioinformatics, management science, business and economics, Healthcare sciences (including clinical medicine, preventive medicine & public health), physics, biophysics, computer science, chemistry, and bioengineering, to name a few. Formosa Journal of Science and Technology is published by Formosa Publisher. The journal now brings out monthly publications. It supports the open access policy for making scientific research accessible to one and all. Formosa Publisher collaborates with: Formosa Journal of Science and Technology (FJST) has been widely indexed and listed by: 1. Google Scholar, 2. PKP Index, 3. Dimensions, 4. Directory of Research Journals Indexing, 5. CrossRef (DOI), 6. BASE (Bielefeld academic search engine), 7. COPERNICUS INTERNATIONAL (ICI VALUE 2023: 84,96), 8. IUPUI Libraries, 9. Indonesia OneSearch, 10. ResearchBib, 11. WorldCat, 12.GARUDA, 13. ROAD, 14. Semantic Scholar, 15. Neliti, 16. SCISPACE 17. CiteFactor 18. Eurasian Scientific Journal Index 19. Scilit 20. Global Index for Continuing Resources 21. Root Indexing 22. Sherpa/Romeo
A Comparative Study of Materials in the Design of Concrete and Asphalt Road Pavements in Terms of Cost and Time (Case Study of the Sumberwudi-Maduran Road Section, Lamongan Regency, East Java Province)
This research is highly urgent in bridging the knowledge gap between standard theory, field practice, and the dynamics of current industrial area development. The construction and periodic maintenance budget for asphalt road pavement with a duration of 20 years requires a cost of Rp. 17,638,200,000.00, then the construction and periodic maintenance budget for asphalt road pavement with a duration of 40 years requires a cost of Rp. 52,225,100,000.00. The construction and periodic maintenance budget for 20-year UR concrete road pavement requires a cost of Rp. 9,063,000,000.00, then the construction and periodic maintenance budget for 40-year UR concrete road pavement requires a cost of Rp. 15,031,400,000.00.
Copyright (c) 2026 Johan Sanjoko, Andi Patriadi, Retno Hastijanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Community-Based Nutrition Intervention Strategies for Improving Dietary Quality and Public Health Outcomes
Community diet quality remains a public health challenge, and evidence from integrated evaluations of community-based nutrition interventions is still limited. This mixed-methods quasi-experimental study evaluated a 10-week community-based nutrition intervention in two peri-urban communities around Medan City, involving 80 housewives divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention combined nutrition education, local food–based cooking demonstrations, and cadre assistance. Quantitative analysis showed significant improvements in diet quality, food diversity, and nutritional status in the intervention group compared to the control group. Qualitative findings indicated increased nutritional knowledge, local food processing skills, and motivation to sustain healthy eating behaviors. Overall, the study demonstrates that community-based nutrition interventions integrating local empowerment and multidimensional evaluation are effective promotive–preventive strategies with strong potential for sustainable public health programs.
Copyright (c) 2026 Berlin Sitanggang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Effectiveness of Botanical Insecticides from Virginia Tobacco Bark in Controlling Whiteflies and Increasing Potato Plant Productivity
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a botanical insecticide derived from Virginia tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) bark in controlling whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) populations and infestation intensity, as well as its impact on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) productivity. A completely randomized design was applied using six insecticide concentrations (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) on Tedjo MZ potato plants. The results showed a significant negative linear relationship between insecticide concentration and pest population (R² = 0.98) as well as infestation intensity (R² = 0.99). The highest pest population (3.92 individuals per plant) and infestation intensity (12.31%) occurred in the control treatment, while the lowest values (3.03 individuals per plant and 11.21%) were observed at the 10% concentration, achieving a population suppression effectiveness of 22.82%. A strong correlation between pest population and infestation intensity (R² = 0.98) indicated that each additional pest increased infestation intensity by 1.27%. Botanical insecticide application significantly improved yield, increasing tuber number by 66.67% and tuber weight by 82.93% at the 10% concentration, with very strong correlations (R² > 0.99). The insecticidal activity is attributed to nicotine alkaloids acting as neurotoxins and secondary phytochemicals with multiple toxic effects. These findings demonstrate the strong potential of tobacco-based botanical insecticides as a sustainable, environmentally friendly, and economically beneficial component of integrated pest management
Copyright (c) 2026 Srilah Nora Wahyuni, M. Taufik Fauzi, M. Sarjan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Optimization of Mine Production Planning to Support Operational Efficiency in Open-Pit Mining Operations
Effective mine production planning is critical for improving operational performance in open-pit mining, particularly amid challenges related to heavy equipment management, limited working time, and rising operational costs. This study aims to optimize mine production planning to enhance operational efficiency through the application of quantitative optimization models. Using an applied quantitative approach within an operations research framework, the research is based on a case study of an open-pit coal mine in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Secondary production data, including equipment capacity, effective working time, operational costs, and production targets, were analyzed. A linear programming model was developed to minimize production costs and maximize equipment utilization under operational constraints. The results demonstrate that the proposed optimization model yields more efficient production planning than existing practices, as reflected in reduced operational costs and improved equipment utilization without compromising production targets. This study provides practical recommendations for mine managers and contributes theoretically to the application of operations research in mining production management.
Copyright (c) 2026 Malik Malik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Patient Perceptions of Digital Fatigue in the Use of Telemedicine During Routine Chronic Care
This study examines the phenomenon of digital fatigue in the use of telemedicine for routine care of patients with chronic diseases. Using a phenomenological qualitative approach, the research involved 12 informants, consisting of 10 long-term telemedicine users and 2 healthcare workers as triangulation informants. Data were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. The results indicate that digital fatigue is triggered by high frequency of telemedicine use, cognitive demands during virtual consultations, limited emotional interaction, and repeated technical obstacles. Its effects include decreased motivation, digital process saturation, and a tendency to delay consultations, although telemedicine is still considered beneficial in terms of accessibility. This study highlights that digital fatigue is a significant issue affecting the effectiveness and sustainability of telemedicine services, emphasizing the need for more human-centered, flexible, and supportive service designs in long-term chronic care.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hardin Hardin, Aliah Bagus Purwakania Hasan, Imran Yaman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
An Analysis of User Experiences in Urban Green Public Spaces to Formulate More Inclusive Design Principles
Urban green public spaces play a vital role in environmental quality and social life, yet their design often prioritizes physical and aesthetic aspects while overlooking diverse user experiences, limiting inclusivity across age, gender, and social groups. This study analyzes user experiences of urban green public spaces to inform more inclusive design principles in architecture and urban design. Using a mixed-methods approach, qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 10 purposively selected users, while quantitative data were obtained from a survey of 100 respondents across two sites in the Minahasa Peninsula (North Minahasa and Tondano). Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and descriptive statistics. The findings indicate that user comfort, accessibility, and sense of safety are shaped not only by physical elements but also by circulation quality, spatial legibility, and design flexibility for formal and informal activities. The study demonstrates that a user experience–based approach reveals overlooked dimensions of inclusivity and proposes contextual, applicable design principles for developing more equitable, responsive, and sustainable urban green public spaces.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mohammad Imran https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Economic Behavior of Smallholder Farmers in Adopting Sustainable Land Management Practices
The adoption of sustainable land management (SLM) practices by smallholders is a critical issue in agricultural environmental economics, given land degradation pressures and limited household economic capacity. This study analyzes smallholders’ economic behavior in adopting SLM and identifies key economic factors influencing their decisions. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from a structured survey of 60 smallholders in Malang Regency, East Java, and in-depth interviews with five key informants. Quantitative data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and logit regression, while qualitative data were thematically analyzed. Results show that farming income, adoption costs, access to agricultural information, and risk perception significantly affect adoption decisions. These findings indicate that smallholders act economically rationally, weighing trade-offs between short-term profits and long-term sustainability. The study contributes to environmental economics literature by highlighting the need for incentive policies aligned with smallholders’ economic realities to promote effective adoption of sustainable agricultural practices.
Copyright (c) 2026 Markus Patiung https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Understanding the Role of Tourist Attitudes in Generating Electronic Word of Mouth
In the context of digital tourism, tourist attitudes are considered an important factor that can encourage the spread of electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM), which plays a strategic role in influencing the decisions of potential tourists. This study aims to examine the influence of tourist attitudes on e-WOM in the context of tourism in Garut Regency. The study uses a quantitative approach with primary data collected through a five-point Likert scale questionnaire distributed online via the WhatsApp application. The sample was taken using convenience sampling techniques followed by snowball sampling, with domestic tourist respondents from outside Garut who reside in West Java Province and are over 18 years of age. Data analysis was performed using Partial Least Square–Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS) with a total of 200 respondents. The results of the study indicate that tourist attitudes have a positive and significant effect on e-WOM, with a fairly strong explanatory power. These findings confirm that positive tourist attitudes towards Garut as a destination encourage online information sharing and recommendation behavior, and provide important implications for the management and promotion of digital-based tourism destinations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yhani Mardani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
In-depth Analysis of Operator Experiences in Optimizing Main Engine Cooling Systems Based on On-site Operational Insights
This study explores the role of operator experience in optimizing main engine cooling systems within large-capacity machinery industries. Using a qualitative case study approach in the heavy manufacturing sector in Banten Province, data were collected through in-depth interviews and on-site observations involving 12 informants, including engine operators, supervisors, and maintenance technicians. Thematic analysis reveals that operator experience is critical for early detection of thermal abnormalities, adaptive adjustment of operating parameters, and prevention of recurring system disturbances that are not fully addressed by standard procedures. The study concludes that systematically integrating operator insights into operation and maintenance management enhances cooling system optimization and offers practical contributions to operational strategies and field-based training in mechanical engineering.
Copyright (c) 2026 Pierre Marcello Lopulalan, Hendi Prasetyo, ⁠Surnata ⁠Surnata, Rahmat Santoso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Integrating Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) Principles in Small Office Architecture Lessons Learned from Entrepreneurial Workspaces, Accidents, and Spatial Adaptation
Many global entrepreneurs began their businesses in small workspaces, where strong motivation often outweighed attention to Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) risks. This study examines the importance of implementing HSE standards in small office spaces by analyzing entrepreneurial success stories, workplace accidents, and adaptive reuse office practices. The findings highlight that neglecting HSE can lead to serious incidents, even in small-scale environments, while proper HSE integration supports safety and business continuity. From an architectural perspective, the study concludes that HSE should be viewed not only as a regulatory requirement but also as a strategic design approach that promotes human well-being, sustainable growth, and long-term business success.
Copyright (c) 2026 Martinus Bambang Susetyarto, Ashleika Adelea https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
From Sedentary Behavior to Early Non-Communicable Disease Risk: The Protective Role of Physical Fitness among Students
Sedentary lifestyle among students is increasingly prevalent and is associated with decreased physical fitness and a higher risk of early non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study used a systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines by analyzing observational and experimental studies from reputable databases. The results indicate that sedentary behavior significantly reduces cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength and increases the risk of obesity, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular diseases, while higher physical fitness levels act as a protective factor. Therefore, reducing sedentary lifestyle through increased physical activity from an early age is an important preventive strategy to lower the long-term risk of NCDs.
Copyright (c) 2026 Moch. Yunus, Tisnalia Merdya Andyastanti, Erianto Fanani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Formulation and Physical Quality Evaluation of Lip Balm Preparations Containing a Combination of Red Fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lamk.) Extract and Olive Oil (Olea europaea L.)
Lip balm is a cosmetic product used to maintain lip moisture and protect against environmental factors. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the physical quality of a lip balm containing red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam.) extract and olive oil (Olea europaea L.). An experimental laboratory method was used, conducted in May 2025 at the Pharmaceutical Formulation Technology Laboratory, Jayapura Health Polytechnic. Physical quality tests included organoleptic properties, pH, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, stability, and hedonic evaluation. All formulations showed acceptable organoleptic characteristics, pH, homogeneity, adhesion, stability, and consumer acceptance. However, spreadability did not meet the required criteria. Based on hedonic testing, formulation F3 was the most preferred among the three formulations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Salbilla Nurhaliza Linggi, Fitriah Ardiawijianti Iriani, Iyem Shahira, Rahayu Samalo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Role of Internal Governance in Managing Financial Risks Associated with Digital Transformation in Manufacturing Firms
This study examines the role of internal governance in mitigating financial risks during digital transformation in the manufacturing industry. Using a mixed-methods approach, quantitative data were collected through a survey of 40 manufacturing companies in Banten Province that have implemented digital initiatives, complemented by in-depth interviews with eight key informants. Quantitative analysis and thematic qualitative analysis reveal that effective internal control mechanisms, strong integration between audit and risk management functions, and consistent managerial supervision significantly reduce financial risk exposure during the digitalization process. The findings highlight internal governance as a critical factor in ensuring controlled digital transformation and enhancing financial sustainability. This study contributes theoretically to governance and digitalization literature and provides practical insights for risk control strategies and technology investment policies in the manufacturing sector.
Copyright (c) 2026 Karnawi Kamar, Abdul Khalik, Tyahya Whisnu Hendratni, Roni Adi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Exploring Process Integration Practices in Sustainable Industrial Waste Treatment Systems
The growth of industrial activity has intensified waste generation, posing challenges to environmental sustainability and resource efficiency. This study examines the application of process integration in sustainable industrial waste treatment systems and evaluates its contribution to energy efficiency, resource utilization, and environmental impact reduction. Using conceptual analysis and case studies of waste treatment technologies—including heat recovery, material recycling, and integrated reaction–separation processes—the study applies pinch analysis and mass–energy balance evaluation to identify optimal integration opportunities. The results demonstrate that process integration significantly reduces energy consumption, minimizes residual waste, and increases the reuse of valuable materials, while also lowering emissions and operational costs. These findings confirm that process integration is an effective and practical strategy for designing sustainable industrial waste treatment systems and provides valuable insights for advancing environmentally friendly and competitive chemical engineering solutions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Netty Herawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Case Study of the Sumberwudi-Maduran Road Section, Lamongan Regency, East Java Province: A Comparative Study of Materials in the Design of Concrete and Asphalt Road Pavements in Terms of Cost and Time
In order to close the knowledge gap between conventional theory, field practice, and the dynamics of contemporary industrial area growth, this research is extremely important. A budget of Rp 17,638,200,000.00 is needed for the construction and periodic maintenance of asphalt road pavement over a 20-year period, and Rp 52,225,100,000.00 is needed for asphalt road pavement over a 40-year period. A budget of Rp 9,063,000,000.00 is needed for the construction and annual maintenance of a 20-year UR concrete road pavement, while Rp 15,031,400,000.00 is needed for a 40-year UR concrete road pavement.
Financial Risk Management Practices and Their Impact on Banking Stability
Banking stability is crucial for maintaining financial system resilience amid rising financial risks and post-pandemic economic uncertainty. This study examines the effect of financial risk management practices on the stability of conventional commercial banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Using a quantitative explanatory approach, the study analyzes secondary data from annual financial statements and Financial Services Authority statistics for 30 banks over the 2019–2024 period (180 panel observations). Panel data regression was applied, with model selection conducted through the Chow, Hausman, and Lagrange Multiplier tests. The results indicate that credit risk, proxied by Non-Performing Loans, has a negative and significant effect on banking stability, while liquidity and market risks show varying effects depending on bank characteristics. These findings highlight the critical role of effective risk management in sustaining banking stability and provide insights for regulators and bank management in developing sustainable risk management policies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dwi Irawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Role of Ultrasonic Generators as Killers Gram + and Gram – Bacteria
It has created an ultrasonic generator as a destroyer of E.Coli bacteria.The range of frequency that produced by this ultrasonic generator is around 40 kHz up to 50 kHz. From the observation of death of E.Coli bacteria which is impacted by the ultrasonic wave radiation to the frequency variant used at the closed rank of 10-8 cfu/ml ( coloni forming unit / ml ) has obtained that the percentage of E.Coli bacteria death everage is increasing as well as the increasing frequency had been used. At the frequency of 40 kHz able to destroy E.Coli bacteria at the amount of 9,3 %, at the frequency of 42 kHz able to destroy at the amount of 14,1 %, at the frequency of 45 kHz able to destroy at the amount of 26,1 %, at the frequency of 48 kHz able to destroy at the amount 29,7 % and at the frequency of 50 kHz able to destroy at the amount of 38,8 %.By checking the result ot colouring gram of bacteria, we found that the cell of E.Coli bacteria has changed after we doing a radiation to that bacteria by using ultrasonic wave , such as ; the shape of bacteria is getting smaller, partition of the cell is cracked and lysis is occured on it.
Copyright (c) 2026 I Ketut Putra, I Made Satriya Wibawa, I Ketut Sukarasa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Dynamics of User Trust in Artificial Intelligence–Based Information Systems for Organizational Decision Making
The increasing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI)–based information systems in service sector organizations in Indonesia raises challenges related to user trust in organizational decision-making. This study analyzes the factors influencing user trust in AI-based information systems and examines the role of trust in enhancing decision-making quality and users’ intention to rely on AI. Using a mixed-methods explanatory sequential design, quantitative data were collected through a survey of 60 AI system users in service organizations, complemented by in-depth interviews with six key informants. Quantitative analysis employed linear regression and mediation analysis, while qualitative data were thematically analyzed. The results indicate that AI transparency, system explainability, and perceived reliability positively affect user trust, whereas perceived risk has a negative effect. User trust significantly improves decision-making quality and intention to rely on AI and mediates the relationship between AI system characteristics and decision-making outcomes. This study contributes to the literature on trust in AI-based information systems and offers practical insights for service organizations in designing and managing AI implementations that foster user trust.
Copyright (c) 2026 Indra Indra, Muh Fuad Mansyur, Adi Heri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Influence of Job Resources on Work Engagement Mediated by Psychological Capital
The low quality of public services remains a challenge in bureaucratic reform in Indonesia, related to low employee work engagement. This study examines ASN and P3K employees at the Badung Samsat Office, focusing on the influence of job resources on work engagement and psychological capital, as well as the mediating role of psychological capital. A quantitative survey with PLS-SEM analysis was employed. The results indicate that job resources have a positive and significant effect on both work engagement and psychological capital. Psychological capital also positively affects work engagement and partially mediates the relationship. These findings strengthen the Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) model and provide practical implications for improving public service quality through the development of job resources and employee psychological capital.
Copyright (c) 2026 I Wayan Surnantaka, Ida Bagus Ketut Surya, I Gede Riana, Ayu Desi Indrawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Road Leger Development Based on a Geographic Information System in Monitoring and Evaluation of Road Space Utilization
The method used to develop the GIS-based road inventory comprised an inventory of existing road inventory data and an Extract–Transform–Load (ETL) process for data digitization and integration into a GIS environment. The resulting system was then assessed for its applicability to Rumija monitoring and evaluation, while the economic feasibility of implementation was evaluated using Return on Investment (ROI) and Benefit–Cost Ratio (BCR). The study was conducted as a case study on the Mastrip Road section in Surabaya, under the authority of the East Java Provincial Public Works (Highway Agency). The developed GIS-based road inventory identified 225 JKM points, indicating a potential increase in local government revenue (PAD) of IDR 189,591,852.00 per year.
Copyright (c) 2026 Achmad Fathoni, Budi Witjaksana, Hanie Teki Tjendani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Risk Awareness and Management Culture in Supporting Sustainable Banking Operations
The growing demand for sustainable banking operations requires strong internal risk governance as a foundation for long-term sustainability. This study analyzes the influence of risk awareness and risk management culture on sustainable banking operations in conventional commercial banks. Using a quantitative explanatory approach, data were collected through structured questionnaires distributed to 80 employees of conventional commercial banks in Palembang and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results indicate that risk awareness has a positive and significant effect on sustainable banking operations, while risk management culture exerts a stronger and more consistent influence. Simultaneously, both variables significantly support banking sustainability. These findings confirm that sustainable banking is shaped not only by regulatory compliance but also by the internalization of risk management values, behaviors, and culture within organizations. This study contributes to the banking risk management literature and provides practical insights for bank managers in developing sustainability strategies through the strengthening of risk culture.
Copyright (c) 2026 Purwati Purwati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Decision-Making Dynamics of Engineers in Selecting Environmentally Friendly Materials for Medium-Scale Construction Projects
This study examines the decision-making dynamics behind the selection of environmentally friendly materials in medium-scale construction projects in Balikpapan, East Kalimantan. Using a qualitative case study approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with eight key informants, including engineers, project managers, and a quantity surveyor. Thematic analysis reveals that material selection decisions are shaped by dynamic negotiations among technical performance, cost efficiency, schedule constraints, and risk perceptions, with project managers and quantity surveyors playing decisive roles. The study highlights that in medium-scale projects, the adoption of environmentally friendly materials depends more on cross-role decision-making mechanisms than on individual environmental awareness. These findings contribute to practical insights on sustainable material selection and provide an empirical basis for developing more contextual green construction strategies at the project level.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sahrullah Sahrullah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Consumer Interpretation of Brand Authenticity in Artificial Intelligence–Generated Marketing Content
This study examines consumer perceptions of brand authenticity in AI-generated marketing content and its impact on attitudes and behavioral intentions. Using a quantitative survey and multivariate analysis, the research analyzes the relationships between perceived authenticity, AI transparency, and consumer trust. The findings show that brand authenticity remains a key driver of trust and positive consumer attitudes, even when content is produced by AI. Transparency in AI use and consistency of brand values strengthen authenticity perceptions, while perceived manipulation undermines trust. The study contributes to digital marketing theory and offers practical guidance for designing AI-based content strategies that preserve brand credibility.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yeni Yeni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Ethical Accounting Perspectives on Fraud Pervention within Indonesia's MSMEs Ecosystem
Financial fraud remains a significant issue in Indonesia’s MSME ecosystem, generally driven by weak financial governance and low internalization of ethical values in accounting practices. This study examines the influence of accounting ethics on fraud prevention in MSMEs by analyzing the relationship between ethically based accounting practices and fraud prevention mechanisms. Using a quantitative explanatory research design, data were collected through structured questionnaires from 150 MSME financial owners and managers selected via purposive sampling and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results show that accounting ethics—reflected in integrity, objectivity, transparency, and accountability—have a positive and significant effect on fraud prevention. These findings confirm that accounting ethics function not only as a normative framework but also as a practical mechanism to strengthen fraud prevention efforts, providing practical implications for policies and programs promoting integrity-based financial governance in MSME development.
Copyright (c) 2026 Amatus Venantius Sabubun https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Role of Communication and Resources in the Implementation of Search and Rescue (SAR) Operations Policy
Search and Rescue (SAR) operations are a form of public service that is emergency and oriented towards saving human lives. The successful implementation of SAR operation policies is highly determined by the effectiveness of communication and the availability of adequate resources. This study aims to analyze the role of communication and resources in the implementation of SAR operating policies. The research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method through interview, observation, and documentation techniques. The results of the study show that non-optimal communication, especially in information transmission, as well as the limitation of human resources who have the competence to plan SAR operations are inhibiting factors in the implementation of policies. This research emphasizes the importance of strengthening communication systems and increasing resource capacity as the main prerequisites for the successful implementation of SAR operation policies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lisdiana Lisdiana, Matsyuroh Matsyuroh, Devi Mandahsari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Adaptive Performance Management Practices in Responding to Rapid Technological Change within Startup Companies
This study examines how startups apply adaptive performance management practices to respond to rapid technological change. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected from three technology-based startups in East Java through in-depth interviews with 12 informants, supported by document analysis and limited observations. Thematic analysis reveals that adaptive performance management in startups is characterized by flexible goal setting, continuous feedback mechanisms, the use of digital platforms for performance evaluation, and direct leadership involvement in performance adjustments. The findings highlight the strategic role of adaptive performance management in enhancing organizational agility and human resource readiness amid technological change. This study contributes conceptually to human resource management literature within the startup context and offers practical insights for startup managers in designing responsive performance management systems.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Mahmudah, Tri Siwi Agustina, Moch Aminudin Hadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sharia MSME Strategy Through the Synergy of Literacy Capital Access and Technology
Copyright (c) 2026 Lukman Priyandono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Provincial Road Priorities and Costs in the Malang PJJ UPT Area Using the Analytical Data-Based Hierarchy Process Method of the Provincial/District Roads Management System
Provincial road infrastructure is a key element in accelerating local economic growth and reducing development disparities between regions. In line with East Java's development vision of becoming a "highly competitive province by 2045," the Governor has established a number of priority programs that emphasize the importance of connectivity and infrastructure strengthening as part of the strategic agenda. The criteria weights using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method are: Road condition with a weight of 28.6%, connectivity with a weight of 19.9%, road service level with a weight of 18.7%, priority areas with a weight of 18.3%, and policy with a weight of 14.5%. The total cost required for addressing provincial road sections in the UPT PJJ Malang area, based on the analysis of the PKRMS application combined with the AHP method, is Rp. 357,814,927,151,-
Copyright (c) 2026 Ervinda Riduan, Hanie Teki Tjendani, Budi Witjaksana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Antidiabetic Activity Test of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Bengkal Leaves (Nauclea orientalis L.) on Male White Mice
Diabetes mellitus remains a major global health problem, driving the search for safe and effective natural antidiabetic agents. This quasi-experimental study evaluates the antidiabetic activity of the ethyl acetate fraction of bengkal leaves (Nauclea orientalis L.) and determines the optimal dose in alloxan-induced male mice. Using a completely randomized design, 30 mice were divided into six groups: negative control, positive control (glibenclamide 0.65 mg/kgBW), and treatment groups receiving 150, 300, 450, and 600 mg/kgBW of the ethyl acetate fraction. Blood glucose levels were measured on days 1, 3, and 7 and analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan’s post hoc test. The results show a significant reduction in blood glucose levels (p < 0.001), with the 450 mg/kgBW dose being the most effective, producing a 49.53% decrease on day 7, comparable to the positive control. Higher doses showed lower effectiveness. The study concludes that the ethyl acetate fraction of bengkal leaves has strong antidiabetic activity and potential for development as a phytopharmaceutical candidate for diabetes management.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lailan Azizah, Andy Brata https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Artificial Intelligence Integration in Forensic Accounting for Detecting Financial Fraud in the Digital Economy
This study examines the effectiveness of artificial intelligence in forensic accounting for detecting financial fraud within the digital economy. Using a quantitative machine learning approach, the research analyzes 2,314 anonymized digital transaction records from a digital-based Savings and Loan Cooperative in Central Java. Transaction data extracted from accounting information systems were cleaned and analyzed using random forest, logistic regression, and support vector machine algorithms. The results show that AI integration improves fraud detection accuracy up to 91.8%, with transaction frequency, late payments, and loan application patterns identified as key anomaly indicators. The study concludes that AI-based forensic accounting strengthens internal control systems and contributes theoretically through replicable machine learning fraud detection models, while offering practical implications for forensic auditors and modern financial governance policies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Pilipus Ramandei, Kristanti Rahman, Dharma Widada https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Examining Decision Making Practices in Biodiesel Production Processes within Emerging Renewable Energy Industries
The biodiesel industry faces production decision-making challenges driven by technological constraints, regulatory dynamics, and market uncertainty. This qualitative case study examines strategic and operational decision-making in a medium-scale biodiesel plant in Indonesia, focusing on raw material selection, production processes, efficiency, sustainability standards, and risk management. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with six key informants and document analysis, and analyzed thematically. The findings show that biodiesel production decisions are adaptive and multidimensional, influenced by technical, economic, regulatory, sustainability, and market considerations, with professional experience playing a key role under information constraints. The study highlights the importance of an integrated decision-making framework to enhance performance, sustainability, and competitiveness in the biodiesel industry, and provides managerial and policy-relevant insights for the renewable energy sector.
Copyright (c) 2026 Harunsyah Harunsyah, M. Yunus, Sariadi Sariadi, Alfian Putra, Salmyah Salmyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0